Which law or guideline lists the four states a mobile device can be in when data is extracted from it?

The correct choice refers to NIST SP 800-72 Guidelines, which provide a framework for understanding different operational states of mobile devices when extracting data. In the context of digital forensics, particularly with mobile devices, it is essential to recognize that a device can exist in several distinct states such as 'off,' 'on,' 'locked,' or 'in airplane mode.' Recognizing these states is crucial, as each can affect how data retrieval and extraction are performed and what data can be accessed legally and technically.

By outlining the states, NIST SP 800-72 helps digital forensics professionals to adopt the appropriate strategies and tools for data extraction while ensuring compliance with legal standards and preserving the integrity of evidence. Understanding these operational states plays a pivotal role in the forensic process and the proper documentation of the conditions under which data is retrieved. This guideline ultimately supports the broader objectives of maintaining data security and privacy in the face of law enforcement and cybersecurity investigations.